The Ministry of Health, Wellness, and Elderly Affairs remains on high alert following an advisory from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) regarding a recent surge in confirmed human cases of yellow fever in the Region of the Americas. 

Yellow fever cases saw a significant increase in the last quarter of 2024, particularly in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, and Peru, with approximately 50% of cases proving fatal. In the first four (4) epidemiological weeks of 2025 alone, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru reported a total of 17 confirmed human cases, including seven (7) deaths. PAHO has also highlighted a shift in the geographic spread of the disease, with outbreaks occurring in areas previously classified as low risk.

National Epidemiologist, Dr. Michelle Francois, has emphasized the importance of strengthening surveillance and preventative measures in response to this public health concern. “The PAHO rapid risk assessment has classified the overall risk of yellow fever outbreaks in the Region of the Americas as high. It is imperative that we enhance our surveillance efforts, ensure early diagnosis, and implement prompt isolation and treatment measures to mitigate the risk of transmission,” noted Dr. Francois.

Yellow fever is a viral disease transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the same vector responsible for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Symptoms typically appear within three to six days of infection and may include sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, body aches, nausea, and vomiting. While many cases remain mild or asymptomatic, severe cases can lead to high fever, organ failure, bleeding, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

Dr. Francois further advised, “There is no specific cure for yellow fever. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms. Medications such as aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided due to the risk of excessive bleeding. Prevention remains our best defense,” explained National Epidemiologist, Dr. Michelle Francois.

Given that Saint Lucia has not recorded a confirmed case of yellow fever in decades, the risk of an outbreak remains low. However, the presence of the Aedes aegypti mosquito on the island means that transmission is possible if an infected traveler returns to Saint Lucia.

Travelers to yellow fever-endemic countries are strongly encouraged to take preventative measures, including:

• Using mosquito repellent,
• Wearing protective clothing,
• Avoiding mosquito bites during peak activity hours (dusk and dawn), and
• Ensuring timely vaccination.

The yellow fever vaccine, a key tool in controlling and preventing the disease, is available in Saint Lucia at the La Clery and Vieux-Fort Wellness Centers. The vaccine provides effective immunity if taken at least ten (10) days before travel. Since each vial contains multiple doses, the public is encouraged to schedule appointments in advance to minimize wastage.

The Ministry of Health, Wellness, and Elderly Affairs urges all residents to remain informed and take necessary precautions, especially when traveling. The Ministry will continue to monitor the regional situation and provide timely updates as necessary.